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Question -

What causes the temporary and permanent hardness of water?



Answer -

Temporary hardness ofwater is due to the presence of bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium in wateri.e., Ca(HCO3)2┬аand Mg(HCO3) in water. Permanent hardness of water is due tothe presence of soluble chlorides and sulphates of calcium and magnesium i.e.,CaCl2, CaS04, MgCl2┬аand MgS04.

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