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Chapter 14 Respiration in Plants Solutions

Question - 11 : -
What is oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer - 11 : -

Oxidative phosphorylation is a process inwhich electrons are transferred from electron donors to oxygen, which acts aselectron acceptor. The oxidation-reduction reactions are involved in theformation of proton gradient. The main role in oxidative phosphorylation isplayed by the enzyme ATP synthase (complex V). This enzyme complex consists of F0 and F1 components.The F1 headpiece is a peripheral membrane proteincomplex and contains the site for ATP synthesis from ADP and inorganicphosphate. F0 component is a part of membrane proteincomplex, which acts as a channel for crossing of the protons from innermitochondrial membrane to the mitochondrial matrix. For every two protonspassing through F0–F1 complex, synthesis of one ATP molecule takesplace.

Question - 12 : -
What is the significance of step-wise release of energy in respiration?

Answer - 12 : -

The process of aerobic respiration is divided into four phases – glycolysis, TCA cycle, ETS, and oxidative phosphorylation. It is generally assumed that the process of respiration and production of ATP in each phase takes place in a step-wise manner. The product of one pathway forms the substrate of the other pathway. Various molecules produced during respiration are involved in other biochemical processes. The respiratory substrates enter and withdraw from pathway on necessity. ATP gets utilized wherever required and enzymatic rates are generally controlled. Thus, the step-wise release of energy makes the system more efficient in extracting and storing energy.

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