A tissue may be defined as a group or collection of similar or dissimilar cells that perform or help to perform a common function and have common orgin.

Question - 12 : -
How many types of elements together make up the xylem tissue? Name them.

Answer - 12 : -

Four types of elements together make up the xylem tissue. These elements are-

tracheids,

vessels,

xylem parenchyma and

xylem fibres.

Question - 13 : -
How are simple tissues different from complex tissues in plants?

Answer - 13 : -

Simple tissues are made up of only one type of cells, which look like each other. On the other hand, complex tissues are made up of more than one type of cells. Parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma are the examples of simple plant tissue whereas xylem and phloem are complex tissues.

Question - 14 : -
Differentiate between parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma on the basis of their cell wall.

Answer - 14 : -

On the basis of the cell wall, differences between parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma are-

	Parenchyma	collenchyma	Sclerenchyma
1.	Cell wall is thin.	Cell wall is thick at angles.	Cell wall hard, rigid, and uniformly thick.
2.	Made up of cellulose.	Made up of cellulose and pectin.	Made up of lignin – a waterproof material.

Question - 15 : -
What are the functions of the stomata?

Answer - 15 : -

Stomata are necessary for exchanging gases with the atmosphere. Transpiration (loss of water in the form of water vapour) also

Question - 16 : -
Diagrammatically show the difference among three types of muscle fibres.

Answer - 16 : -

Question - 17 : -
What is the specific function of the cardiac muscle?

Answer - 17 : -

The specific function of the cardiac muscle is rhythmic contraction and relaxation simultaneously throughout life without getting fatigued.

Question - 18 : -
Differentiate among striated, unstriated and cardiac muscles on the basis of their structure and site/location in the body.

Answer - 18 : -

The differences among striated, unstri-ated and cardiac muscles are as follows:

Striated muscles	Unstriated muscles	Cardiac muscles
Each muscle is long, cylindrical, non-tapering and multi- nucleate.	Each muscle fibre is long, flattened, spindle shaped, tapering and uninucleate.	The fibres have centrally located one or two nuclei and transverse striations with light and dark bands. They are branched.
Show striations.	Do not show striations.	Show transverse striations.
Occur in the limbs, body wall and neck.	Occur in the walls of all tubular organs such as the stomach, intestines, blood vessels, breathing passages and the urino-genital ducts.	Occur only in the walls of the heart.

Question - 19 : -
Draw a labelled diagram of a neuron.

Answer - 19 : -

Question - 20 : -
Name the following:

Tissue that forms inner lining of our mouth.
Tissue that connects muscle to bone in humans.
Tissue that transports food in plants.
Tissue that stores fat in our body.
Connective tissue with a fluid matrix.
Tissue present in the brain.

Answer - 20 : -

Squamous epithelium, an epithelial tissue
Tendon
Phloem
Adipose tissue
Fluid connective tissue i.e., blood and lymph
Nervous tissue

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