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Question -

Mention the following.

(i) Two examples of social practices prevailing then.

(ii) Two oppressive policies of the British.

(iii) Two ways in which common people suffered.

(iv) Four reasons for the discontent that led to the 1857 War of Independence.



Answer -

  1. Child marriage and untouchability.
  2. Firstly, the British did not impose any import duty on goods manufactured in England and this crippled the Indian cottage industries. Secondly, the British continued to oppress Indians in 1818 by passing the Regulation III, under which an Indian could be jailed without trial in a court.
  3. The farmers were heavily taxed by the British and the thumbs of the skilled artisans were cut to ruin their business.
  4. Given below are the four reasons for the discontent that led to the 1857 War of Independence:
  5. In Bengal, the Santhals lost their lands under new British land rules and they became desperate and rose in rebellion and massacred Europeans in 1855.
  6. The Indian sepoys of the British army were discontent and angry as the white soldiers were getting huge pay, mansions to live in along with servants.
  7. The Brahmin soldiers were furious when they came to know that the grease on the bullet that they were biting was made from the fat of cows and pigs.
  8. Many landlords were sore because they had lost their lands and estates due to the harsh British policies.

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