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Answer -
┬аPsychological disorders are diagnosed on the basis of two classifications, i.e., DSM or IV and ICD-X.
тАвClassification of psychological disorders consists of a list of categories of specific psychological disorders grouped into various classes on the basis of some shared characteristics.
тАвInternational Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) is classification of behavioural and mental disorders.
тАвICD-10 refers to international classification of diseases and its 10th revision is being used.
тАвIt is developed by WHO under one broad heading тАШMental DisordersтАЩ which is based on symptoms.
(The classification scheme is officially used in India)
тАвThe American Psychiatric Association (APA) has published an official manual of psychological disorders:
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, IVth Edition (DSM-IV).
тАвIt Evaluates the patient on five axes or dimensions rather than just one broad aspect of тАШmental disorderтАЩ.
тАвThese dimensions relate to biological, psychological, social and other aspects.
Uses of Classification:
тАвClassifications are useful because they enable psychologists, psychiatrists and social workers to communicate with each other about the disorders.
тАвHelps in understanding the causes of psychological disorders and the processes involved in their development.
тАвIt helps in Clinical diagnosis.