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Question -

What were the major consequences of the disintegration of the Soviet Union for countries like India?



Answer -

There were three broad kinds of enduring changes that resulted from the disintegration of the Soviet Unions. Each of these had numerous consequences for countries like India such as:

  1. First of all, it meant the end of Cold War confrontations. The ideological dispute over whether the socialist system would beat the capitalist system was not an issue anymore. The end of the confrontation demanded an end to this arms race and possible new peace.
  2. Second, power relations in world politics changed and, therefore, the relative influence of ideas and institutions also changed. As it turned out, the US became the sole superpower. Backed by the power and prestige of the US, the capitalist economy was now the dominant economic system internationally.
  3. Politically, the notion of liberal democracy emerged as the best way to organise political life.
  4. The end of the Soviet bloc meant the emergence of many new countries. All these countries had their own independent aspirations and choices. Some of them, especially the Baltic and East European states, wanted to join the European Union and become part of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO).
  5. The Central Asian countries wanted to take advantage of their geographical location and continue their close ties with Russia and also to establish ties with the West, the US, China and others.
  6. Thus, the international system saw many new players emerge, each with its own identity, interests, and economic and political difficulties. It is to these issues that we now turn.

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