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Question -

Whatis crystal field splitting energy? How does the magnitude of Δo decidethe actual configuration of d-orbitals in a coordination entity?



Answer -

Thedegenerate d-orbitals (in a spherical field environment) split intotwo levels i.e., eg and t2g inthe presence of ligands. The splitting of the degenerate levels due to thepresence of ligands is called the crystal-field splitting while the energydifference between the two levels (eg and t2g)is called the crystal-field splitting energy. It is denoted by Δo.

After the orbitalshave split, the filling of the electrons takes place. After 1 electron (each)has been filled in the three t2g orbitals, thefilling of the fourth electron takes place in two ways. It can enter the eg orbital (giving rise to t2g3 eg1 like electronic configuration) or thepairing of the electrons can take place in the t2g orbitals (giving rise to t2g4 eg0 like electronic configuration). If the Δo value of a ligand is less than the pairing energy (P), then theelectrons enter the eg orbital. On theother hand, if the Δo value of a ligand is more than the pairingenergy (P), then the electrons enter the t2g orbital.

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