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Answer -
These disorders are caused as a result of a defect in the gene found on the autosomes. Some autosomal genetic disorders are – Down’s syndrome, sickle cell anemia, Patau syndrome, Phenylketonuria.
Down’s syndrome
Symptoms:
• Flat hands, short neck
• Broad forehead
• Partially open mouth, furrowed tongue
• Mongolian type eyelid fold and stubby fingers
• Stunted psychomotor, physical and mental development
• Heart deformities and deformity of other organs
• Underdeveloped genitalia and gonads
Sickle cell anemia
Symptoms:
• Shape of RBCs change from elongated to sickle-shaped(curved) under the influence of low oxygen tension
• These sickle-shaped RBCs are more rapidly destructed than the normal ones causing anaemia