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Answer -
A locus is a fixed point on a chromosome that is occupied by one or more genes. For an allelic pair, heterozygous entities contain different alleles. Thus, a diploid entity which is heterozygous at four loci has four different contrasting characters at four different loci.
Example – if an entity is heterozygous at four loci with four different characters, such as Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, then while meiotic division they split to form 8 different gametes.
If genes are not linked to each other, then the diploid entities will produce 16 different gametes. But, if genes are linked, gametes will decrease their number as the genes may be linked which inturn will be inherited together during the meiotic cell division.