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Answer the following:
(a) The triple-point of water is astandard fixed point in modem thermometry. Why ? What is wrong in taking themelting point of ice and the boiling point of water as standard fixed points(as was originally done in the Celsius scale) ?
(b) There were two fixed points in the original Celsius scale as mentioned above which were assigned the number 0 °C and 100 °C respectively. On the absolute scale, one of the fixed points is the triple-point of water, which on the Kelvin absolute scale is assigned the number 273.16K. What is the other fixed point on this (Kelvin) Scale ?
(c) The absolute temperature (Kelvin scale) T is related to the temperature tc on the Celsiusscale tc = T – 273.15
Why do we have 273.15 in this relation, and not 273.16 ?
(d) What is the temperature of the triple-point of water on an absolute scale whose unit interval size is equal to that of the Fahrenheit scale ?



Answer -

(a) Triple point of water has a unique value i.e., 273.16 K. The melting point and boiling points of ice and water respectively do not have unique values and change with the change in pressure.
(b) On Kelvin’s absolute scale, there is only one fixed point, namely, the triple-point of water and there is no other fixed point.
(c) On Celsius scale 0 °C corresponds to the melting point of ice at normal pressure and the value of absolute temperature is 273.15 K. The temperature273.16 K corresponds to the triple point of water.
(d)The Fahrenheit scale and Absolute scale are related as

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