Question -
Answer -
(i) Rising Population
Rise in population leads to depletion of natural resources in the form of deforestation for the purpose of shelter. Depletion of resources leads to ecological imbalance. Government should devise preventive measures to check population explosion.
(ii) Air Pollution
Air pollution means the absence of fresh air for breathing, it can also mean contamination of air. Various pollutants contribute towards air pollution which include CO2, SO2, and CH4 etc. Various health issues are caused by air pollution which includes respiratory and cardio vascular problems. Government should implement policies to reduce greenhouse gas emission and search alternative sources of energy.
(iii) Water Contamination
Water pollution is also one of the leading cause of death from diseases such as hepatitis, cholera etc. Dumping of waste in water bodies’ results in pollution and improper sanitation helps in spread of contaminants and pathogen. The government should install more water purifier machines in order to provide clean water and also promote importance of sanitation in rural areas.
(iv) Affluent Consumption Standards
The affluent consumption has put stress on environment. The wastes generated are beyond the capacity of absorption and the resources are becoming extinct which is resulting in environmental crisis. The government should spend on researching resources that are environment friendly.
(v) Illiteracy
A literate population will utilize the available resources judiciously with minimum waste by becoming aware and developing skills to utilize the resources. Lack of knowledge and skills will lead to over exploitation of the resources. The government therefore should educate people about the proper utilisation of resources.
(vi) Industrialisation
Industrialisation is essential for the development of a nation, but one downside is that it reduces the green cover of the earth i.e. it causes deforestation. For obtaining rapid results natural resources are used at a rapid pace which causes harm to environment. These activities disturb the ecological balance. Government should be more careful and prevent unnecessary depletion of natural resources in order to maintain balance with nature.
(vii) Urbanisation
Urbanisation also leads to deforestation and causes soil pollution along with reduction in rainfall. Rapid urbanisation is reducing the area for farming, in future it will cause huge ecological imbalance and it will be difficult for humans to survive without food. So government should provide measures for promoting green cover and stop the expanding population explosion.
(viii) Reduction of forest coverage
Forest coverage is making the soil loose its holding capacity leading to washing of nutrients and deforestation. Deforestation leads to low oxygen levels and less rainfall, soil erosion and rise in CO2 levels. Thus some effort need to be taken by government for restoring the greenery and maintain ecological balance.
(ix) Poaching
Poaching is an act of killing, capturing or hunting animals. Poaching poses a grave risk of disturbing the balance in nature. Thus more steps need to be taken for conserving the wild animals and their habitat by setting up national parks.
(x) Global warming
Global warming is the effect of sustained increase in global temperature which is caused due to deforestation and environmental pollution. Greenhouse gas emission is the main culprit. Global warming leads to variation in seasonal temperature and rise in sea level by melting of polar ice. Government should check the level of CO2 emissions and adopt greener methods.