Chapter 5 Programming Methodology Solutions
Question - 11 : - Write any two characteristic of comments.
Answer - 11 : -
Comments are not executed in a program. Since the compiler ignores comments, there will be no increase in the file size and execution time.
Question - 12 : - Write any two purpose of comments.
Answer - 12 : -
- Comments help the reader to understand the program easily.
- When a program consists of several functions, comments can be added to each function to indicate the purpose of the function.
Question - 13 : - Define identation.
Answer - 13 : -
Indentation refers to the insertion of extra blank , spaces before declarations and statements. It enhances the readability of programs.
Question - 14 : - Define clarity and simplicity of expression with eample.
Answer - 14 : -
Crarity and Simplicity of Expression: In the early days most of the computer programs were written to carry out difficult and complex calculations. It is not so any more. However, you may still have to write programs involving complex calculations.
It is advised that if any expression becomes very big or very complex then you must write the same in two steps rather then doing it in one single step. This will make the expression simple and any programmer will be more accurate in writing simple expressions.
Simple expressions are also easily readable and can be understood by others without making any extra efforts. For example, a Statement like :
A = square root((xy/d)+(c+z)2 – (u*v) )/L may be written in two steps as :
A1 = xy/d
A2 = (c+z)2
A3 = u * v
A = square root(Al + A2 – A3)/L
Question - 15 : - How many types of documentation are there ?
Answer - 15 : -
(a) internal documentation
(b) external documentation
Question - 16 : - Which documents helps in programme maintanance ?
Answer - 16 : -
internal documentation
Question - 17 : - Explain documentation
Answer - 17 : -
All programs need not to be short and simple. Complex programs can be better understood if additional information is provided. Documentation is a method of providing useful information about a program. It consists of written descri ptions, specification and development of the program.
Question - 18 : - Explain programme maintenance.
Answer - 18 : -
Changes in requirements force to modify existing programs. Program maintenance is the modification of a program to take care of changing requirements or any errors found after the program is put to use.
Question - 19 : - What do you mean by running and debugging of programme.
Answer - 19 : -
Running and Debugging Programs : Once a program has been written, it has to be tested for its correctness. During this process, we may find errors. In computer terminology, errors are known as bugs, and the process of correcting the errors is known as debugging.
Question - 20 : - Define syntax error.
Answer - 20 : -
The grammatical rules of a language are referred to as syntax of that language. If we do not strictly follow the syntax of programming language at the time of writing a program, syntax errors are bound to occur.