Chapter 2 Software Concepts Solutions
Question - 31 : - Write the objectives of operating system.
Answer - 31 : -
(a) To hide details of hardware by creating abstraction : An abstraction is software that hides lower level details and provides a set of higher- level functions.
(b) To allocate resources to processes (manage resources) : An operating system controls how processes (the active agents) may access resources (passive entities).
(c) Provide a pleasant and effective user interface : The user interacts with the operating systems through the user interface and usually interested in the “look and feel” of the operating system.
Question - 32 : - Write the general goals of scheduling.
Answer - 32 : -
(a) Fairness
(b) Policy enforcement
(c) Efficiency
(d) Response time
(e) Turnaround time
(f) Throughput
Question - 33 : - Define Race Conditions.
Answer - 33 : -
In operating systems, processes that are working together share some common storage (main memory, file etc.) that each process can read and write. When two or more processes are reading or writing some shared data and the final result depends on who runs precisely, when, are called race conditions.
Question - 34 : - Explain real-time operating system.
Answer - 34 : -
A real-time operating system (RTOS) is an i operating system that guarantees a certain capability within a specified time constraint. For example, an operating system might be designed to ensure that a certain object was available for a robot on an assembly line.
Question - 35 : - What is an operating system and how are they classified on the basis of interaction ?
Answer - 35 : -
Operating System is defined as a collection of programs that coordinates the operations of computer hardware and software. It acts as a
bridge or interface between man and machine. Operating system is a system software which is mandatory for all computer systems to operate. It is a general purpose software. On the basis of interaction, operating systems are divided in two types :
- GUI(Graphical user interface) based.
- CUI(Character user interface) based.
Question - 36 : - Explain Sun Solaris.
Answer - 36 : -
Sun Solaris also known as SunOS or Sun it is the name of the Sun company’s Unix variant operating system that was originally installed on SPARC computers. It is sold together with the OPENLOOK user interface Open Windows. This bundle is known as Solaris.
Question - 37 : - Write any three disadvantages of UNIX.
Answer - 37 : -
1. The traditional command line shell interface is user hostile, i.e., designed for the programmer, not the casual user.
2. Commands often have cryptic names and give very little response to tell the user what they are doing. Much use of special keyboard characters- little types have unexpected results.
3. To use Unix well, you need to understand some of the main design features. Its power comes from knowing how to make commands and programs interact with each other, not just from treating each as a fixed black box.
Question - 38 : - Give any three advantages of windows.
Answer - 38 : -
The three advantages of windows are as follows :
1. Microsoft has made several advancements and changes that have made it much easier to use operating system, and although arguably it may not be the easiest operating system, it is still easier than Linux.
2. Because of the large amount of Microsoft windows users, there is a much larger selection of available software programs, utilities, and games for windows.
3. Microsoft windows includes its own help section, has vast amount of available online documentation and help, as well as books on each of the versions of windows.
Question - 39 : - Give three disadvantages of Windows.
Answer - 39 : -
The three disadvantages of windows are as follows :
1. Microsoft Windows can run between $ 50.00 – $150.00 US dollars per each license copy.
2. Although Microsoft Windows has made great improvements in reliability over the last few versions of Windows, it still cannot match the reliability of Linux.
3. Although Windows does have software programs, utilities, and games for free, the majority of the programs will cost anywhere between $20.00 – $200.00+ US dollars per copy.
Question - 40 : - Explain Android.
Answer - 40 : -
1. Android is a Linux-based operating system for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. It is developed by the Open Handset Alliance, led by Google, and other companies.
2. Google purchased the initial developer of the software, Android Inc., in 2005. The unveiling of the Android distribution in 2007 was announced with the founding of the Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of 86 hardware, software, and telecommunication companies devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices. Google releases the Android code as open-source, under the Apache License. The Android Open Source Project (AOSP) is tasked with the maintenance and further development of Android.
3. The first phone of lun on the Android OS was the HTC Dream which was launched on 22nd October 2008.