Chapter 1 Computer overview and its Basics Solutions
Question - 31 : - Give two examples of fourth generation computers.
Answer - 31 : -
Two examples of fourth generation computers are home computers and personal computers.
Question - 32 : - Why is analytical engine often called the pioneer computer ?
Answer - 32 : -
The analytical engine was the first design to introduce the basic architecture of modern computer i.e., CPU storage area, memory & input/ output device. Therefore, it is called the pioneer computer.
Question - 33 : - Name the two machines proposed by Charles Babbage.
Answer - 33 : -
The two machines proposed by Charles Babbage are :
- Difference Engine
- Analytical Engine.
Question - 34 : - When and who invented vacuum tubes ?
Answer - 34 : -
Lee Dee Forest invented vacuum tubes in 1906.
Question - 35 : - Name two manual calculating devices.
Answer - 35 : -
The two manual calculating devices are as follows:
Question - 36 : - What is ABACUS ? Explain.
Answer - 36 : -
The ABACUS is a mechanical device which has a wooden frame. An ABACUS consists of beads divided into two parts which are movable on the rods in two parts. The device was used for doing calculations like addition, multiplication, etc. Chinese have been using ABACUS for large calculations. This device is still used for calculations in countries like China, Japan and Russia.
Question - 37 : - What are the advantages of vacuum tubes ?
Answer - 37 : -
Vacuum tubes have the following advantages :
- Vacuum tubes were the only electronic components available during those days which made possible the invention of electronic digital computers.
- These computers were the fastest calculating devices of that time. They could perform computations in milliseconds.
Question - 38 : - When were the transistors developed ?
Answer - 38 : -
Transistors were developed during second generation. A transistor is smaller and more reliable substitute to the vacuum tubes.
Question - 39 : - Write a short note on Charles Babbage.
Answer - 39 : -
Charles Babbage was a British mathematician. In 1833, he designed a mechanical computer known as Analytical Engine. The machine had the ability to handle large amount of data and process it at a high speed. Charles Babbage is known as the ‘Father of Computers’ because he introduced the idea of storing and reading information before processing.
Question - 40 : - Write a short note on Pascal’s Adding Machine.
Answer - 40 : -
In 1692 Blaise Pascal, a Frenchman, invented a calculating machine called Pascaline. The machine was made up of gears and was used for adding numbers quickly. He was credited for building the first mechanical calculating machine. The design of his machine was ahead of its time.