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Program maintenance is an important duty of programmers. It involves all steps from problem definition to program preparation. In certain organizations, programmers can do nothing but maintain the programs.
At the initial stage of computerization, an organization’s programming effort mostly goes into the development of new applications. As the number of installed programs grows, the programming effort shifts from program development to program maintenance, in fact, in many organizations, more than half of the programming effort is on program maintenance. An estimate shows that the cost of program maintenance is twice larger than that of initial development.