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Atoms and ions having the same number of electrons arecalled isoelectronic species.
(i) F– ion has 9 + 1 = 10 electrons. Thus, thespecies isoelectronic with it will also have 10 electrons. Some of itsisoelectronic species are Na+ ion (11 – 1 = 10 electrons), Ne (10electrons), O2– ion (8 + 2 = 10 electrons), and Al3+ ion (13 – 3 = 10 electrons).
(ii) Ar has 18electrons. Thus, the species isoelectronic with it will also have 18 electrons.Some of its isoelectronic species are S2– ion(16 + 2 = 18 electrons), Cl– ion (17 + 1 = 18 electrons), K+ ion (19 – 1 = 18 electrons), and Ca2+ ion (20 – 2 = 18 electrons).
(iii) Mg2+ ion has 12 – 2 = 10 electrons. Thus, thespecies isoelectronic with it will also have 10 electrons. Some of itsisoelectronic species are F– ion (9 + 1 = 10 electrons), Ne (10electrons), O2– ion (8 + 2 = 10 electrons), and Al3+ ion (13 – 3 = 10 electrons).
(iv) Rb+ ion has 37 – 1 = 36 electrons. Thus, thespecies isoelectronic with it will also have 36 electrons. Some of itsisoelectronic species are Br– ion (35 + 1 = 36 electrons), Kr (36electrons), and Sr2+ ion (38 – 2 = 36 electrons).