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Question -

Answer the following :
(i) What is the function of nephridia ?
(ii) How many types of nephridia are found in earthworm based on their location?



Answer -

(i) Nephridia are the minute openings found in all segments excepts the first two and their function is to discharge of nitrogenous waste.
(ii) There are three types of nephridia –
(i) Septal nephridia – Present on both the sides of intersegmental septa of segment 15 to the last that open into intestine.
(ii) Integumentary nephridia – Attached to the lining of the body wall of segment 3 to the last that open on the body surface.
(iii) Pharyngeal nephridia – Present as three paired tufts in the 4th, 5th and 6th segments.
These three different types of nephridia are almost similar in structure.

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