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Question -

Give an example of characteristics being used to determine how close two species are in evolutionary terms.



Answer -

Let us take the instance of humans and chimpanzees. Chimpanzees are able to express a wide range of emotions – such as busting out in laughter or smiling – this trait was once thought to be a feature exclusive to humans. The smile can be linked to the activation of the brain’s limbic system – where the orbicularis oculi muscle involuntarily contracts and raises the cheeks, forming wrinkles around the eyes. This implies that the smile is a true and genuine smile. Interestingly, this type of reflex has a name – the Duchenne smile. Moreover, research has shown that chimpanzees share 98.6% of our DNA – This means that humans and chimpanzees shared a common ancestor eons ago. It is important to also note that chimpanzees are the closest living relatives to humans.

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