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Chapter 5 – Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Solutions

Question - 1 : -
Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below:

(i) To which one of the following types of vegetation does rubber belong to?
(a) Tundra (b) Himalayan (c) Tidal (d) Tropical Evergreen

(ii) Cinchona trees are found in the areas of rainfall more than
(a) 100 cm (b) 70 cm (c) 50 cm (d) less than 50 cm

(iii) In which of the following state is the Simlipal bio-reserve located?
(a) Punjab (b) Delhi (c) Odisha (d) West Bengal

(iv) Which one of the following bio-reserves of India is not included in the world network of bio reserve?
(a) Manas (b) Gulf of Mannar (c) Nilgiri (d) Nanda Devi

Answer - 1 : - (i) Tropical Evergreen

(ii) 100 cm
(iii) Orissa
(iv) Manas


Question - 2 : -
Answer the following questions briefly.

(i) What factors are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India?
(ii) What is a bio-reserve? Give two examples.
(iii) Name two animals having habitat in the tropical and montane type of vegetation.

Answer - 2 : - (i) 

Climatic conditions:

  1. Temperature
  2. Humidity
  3. Photoperiod
  4. Precipitation
Relief:
  1. Land
  2. Soil
(ii)
Bio-reserves are protected areas. This is done to protect natural vegetation, wildlife and the environment.
2 examples:

  1. Sunderbans
  2. Gulf of Mannar
|(iii)

Tropical:

  1. Tiger, Elephant.
  2. Montane:
  3. Snow Leopard

Question - 3 : -
Distinguish between

(i) Flora and Fauna


(ii) Tropical Evergreen and Deciduous forests

Answer - 3 : - (i)

Plant species of a particular region is called flora and animal species of a particular region is called fauna.

(ii)
Tropical Evergreen Forests:

  1. They are called rain forest.
  2. No definite time for trees to shed leaves.
  3. Rainfall is more than 200 cm.
Tropical Deciduous Forests:

  1. They are called Monsoon forest.
  2. Trees shed leaves for about six to eight weeks in the dry summer.
  3. Rainfall range is between 200 cm to 70 cm.


Question - 4 : - Name different types of vegetation found in India and describe the vegetation of high altitudes.

Answer - 4 : -

  1. Tropical evergreen forests
  2. Tropical deciduous forests
  3. Tropical Thorn forests and scrubs
  4. Montane forests
  5. Mangrove forests
Vegetation in high altitudes

  1. Alpine vegetation found in altitudes above 3600 m.
  2. Trees in these areas are junipers, birches and pines.

Question - 5 : - Quite a few species of plants and animals are endangered in India. Why?

Answer - 5 : -

  1. Increasing population
  2. Pollution
  3. Deforestation
  4. Hunting by poachers.

Question - 6 : - Why has India a rich heritage of flora and fauna?

Answer - 6 : -

  • A country with diverse relief features
  • Availability of different types of soil.
  • Variation in climatic conditions

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