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Question -

A stream of water flowing horizontally witha speed of 15 m s–1 gushes out of a tube of cross-sectionalarea 10–2 m2, and hits a vertical wall nearby. Whatis the force exerted on the wall by the impact of water, assuming it does notrebound?



Answer -

Speed of the water stream, v =15 m/s

Cross-sectional area of the tube, A =10–2 m2

Volumeof water coming out from the pipe per second,

V = Av = 15 × 10–2 m3/s

Density of water, ρ = 103 kg/m3

Mass of water flowing out through the pipeper second = ρ × V = 150 kg/s

Thewater strikes the wall and does not rebound. Therefore, the force exerted bythe water on the wall is given by Newton’s second law of motion as:

F =Rate of change of momentum 

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