Question -
Answer -
A hydrogen bond is definedas an attractive force acting between the hydrogen attached to anelectronegative atom of one molecule and an electronegative atom of a differentmolecule (may be of the same kind).
Due to a differencebetween electronegativities, the bond pair between hydrogen and theelectronegative atom gets drifted far away from the hydrogen atom. As a result,a hydrogen atom becomes electropositive with respect to the other atom andacquires a positive charge.
The magnitude of H-bondingis maximum in the solid state and minimum in the gaseous state.
There are two types ofH-bonds:
(i) Intermolecular H-bond e.g., HF, H2O etc.
(ii) Intramolecular H-bonde.g., o-nitrophenol
Hydrogenbonds are stronger than Van der Walls forces since hydrogen bonds are regardedas an extreme form of dipole-dipole interaction.