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Question -

Compare the relativestability of the following species and indicate their magnetic properties;

O2,, (superoxide), (peroxide)



Answer -

There are 16 electrons ina molecule of dioxygen, 8 from each oxygen atom. The electronic configurationof oxygen molecule can be written as:

Since the 1s orbital of eachoxygen atom is not involved in boding, the number of bonding electrons = 8= Nand the number of anti-bonding orbitals = 4= Na.

Bondorder 

= 2

Similarly,the electronic configuration of  can be written as:

Nb = 8

Na = 3

Bondorder of 

= 2.5

Electronicconfiguration of  ion will be:

Nb = 8

Na = 5

Bondorder of =

= 1.5

Electronicconfiguration of ion will be:

 

Nb = 8

Na = 6

Bondorder of =

= 1

Bonddissociation energy is directly proportional to bond order. Thus, the higherthe bond order, the greater will be the stability. On this basis, the order ofstability is 

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